Room: W2.16.

Course schedule
Reading list
Assessment
Essay questions and topics
Useful links

Course schedule
Aims:
This module will introduce students to the recent developments in the history of the body, medicine and violence following Michel Foucault’s work. It is intended that students will approach the history of the self and of the body as it can be perceived from the study of the history of medicine, disciplinary institutions and asylums in the nineteenth century. The important texts on which this course is based combine the qualities of Michel Foucault’s philosophic work with the minutia of empirical historians.
Objectives
Through this course the students will develop the appropriate skills of analysis for the study of source material and gain an historical perspective over an important period in European culture.  The focus of the course is mostly French and British.
The students will be encouraged to make use of the sources available and to develop a methodical approach to the broader historical challenges of cultural history.
 

Syllabus : The course is organised around 14 workshops.  Each of these workshops can take 2 tutorials or more to study.  We have 23 weeks to work our way through this material.  The course material is organised around a set of primary and secondary sources that are essential reading and a set of additional reading which can form the basis of independent work and dissertation research.
Assessment due on the Thursday of week 12 of Semester 1 and the Thursday of week 11 of Semester 2
2 X 3000 words essays
Semester 1
1. Course organising meeting

Setting the Scene:
Workshop 1: The historiography of the body and Michel Foucault

Taking a number of examples of recent and not so recent approaches to the history of the body this seminar will consider the historiographical relevance or importance of an approach taking the body as a site of power.

Tutorial Material:

M. Foucault (ed.) I, Pierre Rivière, having slaughtered my mother, my sister, and my brother--. - Lincoln (Neb.) : University of Nebraska Press, 1982.

Key texts:
- M. Foucault, Discipline and Punish
- Madness and Civilisation
- Birth of the Clinic
- F. Delaporte, ‘The History of Medicine according to Foucault’
Smith, Roger, 1945-. - Trial by medicine : insanity and responsibility in Victorian trials. - Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press, 1981.
Lunde, Donald T.. - Murder and madness. - Stanford, Calif. : Stanford Alumni Association, 1975. - (The Portable Stanford)
Ellis, Havelock, 1859-1939. - The criminal. - London : Scott, 1890. - (Contemporary science series ; [v.]).
Lombroso, The Criminal
M Featherstone, Mike Hepworth. Brian S Tuner (eds.)  The Body, social process and cultural theory, 1991
M Foucault   The Birth of the Clinic 1963
Madness and Civilisation 1972
Discipline and Punish, 1975
The History of Sexuality (3 Volumes.) 1978-1984
Curti, Lidia.  Female stories, female bodies : narrative, identity and representation.  Basingstoke : Macmillan, 1998.
Feher, Michel.  Fragments for a history of the human body (3 Vols), New York: Zone.

Further sources
Armstrong, David,  Political anatomy of the body : medical knowledge in Britain..  Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1983.
Arnold, David, 1946.  Colonizing the body, Berkeley; London : University of California Press, 1993.
Bud Robert et als (eds)  Manifesting medicine : bodies and machines , Amsterdam : Harwood Academic, 1999.
Colin Jones & Roy Porter (eds) Reassessing Foucault : power, medicine and the body London : Routledge, 1994.
Kantorowicz, Ernst Hartwig,.  The king’s two bodies : a study in mediaeval political theology.  Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, 1957.
Laqueur, Thomas.  Making sex : body and gender from the Greeks to Freud.  Cambridge, Mass.; London: Harvard University Press, 1990.
Seltzer, Mark, Bodies and machines.  New York; London : Routledge, 1992

Further Reading:
Hatty, Suzanne E..  The disordered body : epidemic disease and cultural transformation , Albany, N.Y. : State University of New York Press, 1999.
Josipovici, Gabriel, 1940.  Writing and the body.  Brighton : Harvester, 1982
Julia Ep. Body guards : the cultural politics of gender ambiguity ,  New York; London : Routledge, 1991
Lalvani, Suren, Photography, vision, and the production of modern bodies.  Albany : State University of New York Press, 1996
McDougall, William, Body and mind : a history and a defense of animism.  London : Methuen, 1911.
Pointon, Marcia, Naked authority : the body in Western painting,  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
Roberts, K. B..  The fabric of the body : European traditions of anatomical illustration,  Oxford : Clarendon, 1992.
SánchezEppler, Karen.  Touching liberty : abolition, feminism, and the politics of the body , Berkeley, Calif.; University of California Press, 1993.
Sawday, Jonathan.  The body emblazoned : dissection and the human body in Renaissance cultureLondon : Routledge, 1995.
Schiebinger, Londa.  Nature’s body : sexual politics and the making of modern science.  London : Pandora, 1994.
Sennett, Richard, 1943.  Flesh and stone : the body and the city in Western civilization.  London :
Tattoo, torture, mutilation, and adornment : the denaturalization of the body.  Albany : State University of New York Press, 1992.

Workshop 2: The Great medical Systems of the nineteenth Century

Tutorial Material:
D & R. Porter, extract from the introduction to Doctors, Politics and Society, Routledge, 1993
Janet Semple, ‘Bentham’s Utilitarianism and the provision of Medical Care’
R.K. Webb, ‘Southwood Smith: The intellectual Sources of Public Service’

Key texts:
 

Further Sources
 
 
 

Workshop 3: The Social Body and the ideology of Miasma

Tutorial Material:
Extracts from S. E. Finer, Life and Time of Chadwick
Chadwick, conclusion of Report on the Sanitary Condition of the English Labouring Classes
A. Corbin, The Foul and the Fragrant
M. Durey, The Return of the Plague
C. Hamlin, Public health and social justice in the age of Chadwick : Britain,  1800-1854. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Anthony Brundage, England's "Prussian minister" : Edwin Chadwick and the politics of  government, London : Pennsylvania State University Press, 1988
Lewis, Richard Albert. - Edwin Chadwick and the public health movement 1832-1854. -  London; New York : Longmans, Green, 1952.
Ann La Berge, Mission and Method, Cambridge, 1992

Key texts:
Further sources
Simon, Sir, John, 1816-1904. - English sanitary institutions : reviewed in their course of development, - London; Paris; New York (etc.) : Cassell & company, limited, 1890.
Newman, Sir, George, 1870-1948. - The building of a nation’s health / by Sir George Newman. - London : Macmillan and co., limited, 1939.
Jephson, Henry Lorenzo. - The sanitary evolution of London - London : T. F. Unwin, 1907.
Chadwick, Sir, Edwin, 1800-1890. - The sanitary condition of the labouring population of Great Britain / by Edw. - Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press, 1965.
Lancet, The. - The Lancet Sanitary Commission For Investigating The State Of The Infirmarie, 1866.
Hatton, John. - A lecture on the sanitary condition of Chorlton-upon-Medlock .... - Manchester, 1854.
Gavin, Hector. - Sanitary ramblings, being sketches and illustrations of Bethnal Green London Churchill, 1848.
Spence, Peter. - Coal, smoke, and sewage, scientifically and practically considered : with su. -
Manchester : Cave and Sever, 1857.
Duffy, John, The sanitarians : a history of American public health
Smith, F. B., Francis Barrymore, - The people's health, 1830-1910. - London : Croom
 Helm, 1979.
Eyler, John M.. - Victorian social medicine : the ideas and methods of William Farr, Baltimore;  London : Johns Hopkins University Press, 1979.
Shapiro, Ann-Louise. - Housing the poor of Paris, 1850-1902. - Madison, Wis.; London :
 University of Wisconsin Press, 1985.
Dorothy Porter (ed.)  The History of public health and the modern state, Amsterdam : Rodopi, 1994.
 

Workshop 4: Epidemiology and Taxonomy: tracking and knowing

Tutorial Material:
A. Brandt, ‘Sexually Transmitted Diseases’
I. Lowy, ‘Testing for a sexually transmissible disease’
R. Porter & L. Hall, The Facts of Life

Key texts:
- H. Ritvo, The Mermaid and the Platipus

Further sources
PELLING, Margaret. - Cholera, fever and English medicine, 1825-1865. - Oxford:  Oxford University Press, 1978
Arnold, David, Colonizing the body : state medicine and epidemic disease in  nineteenth-century India. - Berkeley; London : University of California Press, 1993.
Harrison, Mark. - Public health in British India : Anglo-Indian preventive medicine 1859-1914. -  Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1994.
Anne Digby and John Stewart (eds) Gender, health and welfare, London: Routledge, 1996
Leavitt, Judith Walzer. - Typhoid Mary : captive to the public's health. - Boston : Beacon Press,  1996.
Rosen, George, 1920-. - A history of public health. - Expanded ed.. - Baltimore, Md.; London :  Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993
Coleman, William, 1934-1988, Yellow fever in the North : the methods of early epidemiology,  - Madison, Wis. : University of Wisconsin Press, 1987
Hardy, Anne. - The epidemic streets : infectious disease and the rise of preventive medicine. -
 Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1993.
Rosenberg, Charles E., Charles Ernest. - Explaining epidemics and other studies in the history  of medicine, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Durey, Michael. - The return of the plague : British society and the cholera, 1831-2. - Dublin
 (etc.) : Gill and Macmillan (etc.), 1979

The Regulation of the Senses

Workshop 5: Sexuality and consumption, alcohol and excess

Tutorial Material:
Harrison, Brian, 1937-. - Drink and the Victorians : the temperance question in England, 1815-1872. - London : Faber, 1971
Keith McClelland, ‘Masculinity and the Representative Artisan in Britain, 1850-1880’
J. Weeks, Sex, Politics and Society
Key texts:
-
Longmate, Norman, 1925-. - The waterdrinkers : a history of temperance. - London : Hamilton, 1968
Clarke, Anna, The Battle for the Breaches, Rivers Oram.
Gutzke, David W.. - Protecting the pub : brewers and publicans against temperance. - Woodbridge Boydell Press (for) the Royal Historical Society, 1989.
Shiman, Lilian Lewis. - Crusade against drink in Victorian England. - Basingstoke : Macmillan, 1988.
Blocker, Jack S. - “Give to the winds thy fears” : the women’s temperance crusade, 1873-1874 Westport, Conn. : Greenwood, 1985.
Harrison, Brian. - Dictionary of British temperance biography. - Sheffield : Society for the Study of Labour History, 1973.
Lambert, W. R.. - Drink and sobriety in Victorian Wales, c1820-c1895. - Cardiff : University of Wales Press, 1983.
Epstein, Barbara Leslie, b.1944. - The politics of domesticity : women, evangelism, and temperance. - Middletown, Conn. : Wesleyan University Press, 1980.
Brake, George Thompson. - Drink : ups and downs of Methodist attitudes to temperance. - London Oliphants, 1974.

Primary sources
Rowntree, Joseph, 1836-1925. - The temperance problem and social reform / by Joseph Rowntree ... and Arthur. - 9th ed. - London : Hodder and Stoughton, 1901.
Burns, Dawson, 1823-1909. - Temperance in the Victorian age : sixty years of temperance toil and triumph, 1897.
Winskill, P T. - The Comprehensive History Of The Rise And Progress Of The Temperance Reformation, 1881.
Burns, Dawson, 1823-1909. - Christendom and the drink curse : an appeal to the Christian world  London : Partridge, 1875
Carter, Henry, 1874-1951. - The English temperance movement : a study in objectives. - Vol.1 : The formative period, 1830-1899. - London : The Epworth press, 1933
Walton, William. - Fast life : a temperance drama in three acts. - Manchester : Abel Heywood & Son, 1880.
Yates, A.. - Business as usual during alterations : a temperance drama. - Manchester : Abel Heywood & Son, 1880. –
Beardsall, Francis. - Selection of hymns and songs, suitable for public and social temperance meetings. Large type edition, revised and corrected. (Addenda...). - Manchester, 1869.
Shaw, J. G., John George, 1858-1937. - Life of William Gregson, temperance advocate. - Blackburn : J. nd G. Toulmin, 1891

Further sources:
Trotter, Thomas,  An essay, medical, philosophical, and chemical on drunkenness and its effect.  London : Routledge, 1988.
Macnish, Robert, 1802-1837. - The anatomy of drunkenness / by Robert Macnish. - 5th ed. - Glasgow : McPhun, 1832.
American Association for the Study and Cure of Inebriety. - The disease of inebriety from alcohol, opium, and other narcotic drugs : its. - New York : E. B. Treat, 1893.
Rzepka, Charles J.. - Sacramental commodities : gift, text, and the sublime in De Quincey. - Amherst : University of Massachusetts Press, 1995.
Milligan, Barry. - Pleasures and pains : opium and the Orient in nineteenth-century British cul. - Charlottesville; London : University Press of Virginia, 1995.
Berridge, Virginia, 1946-. - Opium and the people : opiate use in nineteenth-century England / by Virgini. - New Haven; London : Yale University Press, 1987.
-
Further Reading:
Hayter, Alethea. - Opium and the romantic imaginations : addiction and creativity in De Quincey. - Rev. - Wellingborough : Crucible, 1988.
French, Richard Valpy. - Nineteen centuries of drink in England : a history. - London : Longmans, Green, 1884.
 
 

Workshop 6 The Contagious Diseases Acts and the Habeas Corpus

Tutorial Material:
Paul McHugh, Prostitution and Victorian Social Reform
Linda Mahood, The Magdalenes
O. Moscucci, The Science of Woman
W. Herbert, ‘The Erotics of Purity’

Key texts:
A Corbin  Women for Hire 1990
P Gay  The Bourgeois Experience. Victoria to Freud 1984, 1986, 1994, 1996
T Laqueur – Making Sex 1990
J Walkowitz – City  of Dreadful Delights, 1992
Virginal sexuality and textuality in Victorian literature , edited by Lloyd.  Albany : State University of New York Press, 1993
Michie, Helena.  The flesh made word : female figures and women’s bodies.  New York; Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1987.
Spongberg, Mary, 1965.  Feminizing venereal disease : the body of the prostitute in nineteenthcentury.  Basingstoke : Macmillan, 1997
Gilbert, Pamela K..  Disease, desire and the body in Victorian women’s popular novels , Pamela K..  Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1997.
Nead, Lynda. - Myths of sexuality : representations of women in Victorian Britain. - Oxford :
 Basil Blackwell, 1988.
Maynard, John, 1941-. - Victorian discourses on sexuality and religion. - Cambridge :
 Cambridge Unviersity Press, 1993
Mason, Michael, 1941-. - The making of Victorian sexuality, Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1994
Jackson, Margaret, The real facts of life : feminism and the politics of sexuality c  1850-1940. - London : Taylor & Francis, 1994
Franz X. Eder, Lesley A. Hall & Gert Hekma,  Sexual cultures in Europe,  Themes in sexuality. - Manchester : Manchester University Press, 1999.
 
 

Workshop 7: Ideas of Purity, Ideas of Pollution

Tutorial Material:
J.C. Drummond & Anne Wilbraham, The Englishman’s food
- A. Wohl, Endangered Lives
- Young, Pure Food

Key texts:
Brimblecombe, Peter, 1949-. - The big smoke : a history of air pollution in London since  medieval times. - London : Methuen, 1987.
Luckin, Bill. - Pollution and control : a social history of the Thames in the nineteenth century. -
Bristol : Hilger, 1986.
Bashford, Alison, 1963-. - Purity and pollution : gender, embodiment and Victorian medicine,
 Basingstoke : Macmillan Press, 1998
Paulus, Ingeborg Lydia Erika. - The search for pure food : a sociology of legislation in Britain. -
 London : Robertson, 1974
Burnett, John, 1925-. - Plenty and want : a social history of food in England from 1815 to the
 present - 3rd ed. - London : Routledge, 1989.
FILBY, Frederick A.. - A history of food adulteration & analysis, 1934.
Spang, Rebecca L., 1961-. - The Invention of the restaurant : Paris and modern gastronomic
 culture / Reb. - Cambridge, Mass.; London : Harvard University Press, 2000
Kenneth F. Kiple, Kriemhild C. (eds),  The Cambridge world history of food, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2000 (2 vols).
 

The Normal and the Pathological

Workshop 8:  The Normal and the Pathological

Tutorial Material:
See handout

Key texts:
F. Delaporte  G. Canguilhem: A vital Rationalist, 1994
Lecourt, Dominique. - Marxism and epistemology : Bachelard, Canguilhem and Foucault / translated f. - London : NLB, 1975
L. Jordanova, ‘The Art of Seeing in Medicine: Physiognomy, 1780-1820’
Cooter, Roger, 1948-. - The cultural meaning of popular science, CUP, 1984

Further Sources:
Bogdan, Robert. - Freak show : presenting human oddities for amusement and profit. -
 Chicago; London : University of Chicago Press, 1988.
Fiedler, Leslie A. (Leslie Aaron), 1917-. - Freaks : myths and images of the secret self , Harmondsworth : Penguin
Howell, Michael. - The true history of the 'Elephant Man' / by Michael Howell and Peter Ford. -
 Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1980.
Porter, Theodore M.. - The rise of statistical thinking : 1820-1900. - Princeton; Guildford :
 Princeton University Press, 1986.
MacKenzie, Donald A.. - Statistics in Britain 1865-1930 : the social construction of scientific
 knowledge. - Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press, 1981
Desrosières, Alain. - The politics of large numbers : a history of statistical reasoning / Alain D. -
 Cambridge, Mass.; London : Harvard University Press, 1998
Cole, Joshua, 1961-. - The power of large numbers : population, politics, and gender in
 Nineteenth France-. - Ithaca; London : Cornell University Press, 2000.
 
 
 

Workshop 9: Degeneration and Humanity

Tutorial Material:
Daniel Pick, Faces of Degeneration
Harriet Ritvo, The Animal Estate

Key texts:
Bell, Shannon.  Reading, writing, and rewriting the prostitute body.  Bloomington : Indiana University Press, 1994.
Duffy, John, 1915-. - The sanitarians : a history of American public health. - Urbana : University of Illinois Press, 1990.
Hassall, Arthur Hill, 1817-1894. - Food and its adulterations : comprising the reports of the Analyticalc sanitation - London : Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1855.
Paul, Diane B., 1946-. - Controlling human heredity, 1865 to the present. - Atlantic Highlands,
 N.J. : Humanities Press, 1995
Further sources
Arata, Stephen. - Fictions of loss in the Victorian fin de siecle. - Cambridge : Cambridge
 University Press, 1996
Greenslade, William. - Degeneration, culture, and the novel, 1880-1940. - Cambridge :
 Cambridge University Press, 1994
The Wellborn science : eugenics in Germany, France, Brazil, and Russia / edi. - New York;
 Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1990
Searle, G. R. (Geoffrey Russell), 1940-. - Eugenics and politics in Britain, 1900-1914. - Leyden
 : Noordhoff, 1976
Kevles, Daniel Jo. - In the name of eugenics : genetics and the uses of human heredity. - New
 York : Knopf, 1985
Thomson, Mathew. - The problem of mental deficiency : eugenics, democracy and social policy
- Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1998
White trash : the eugenic family studies, 1877-1919 /  Boston : Northeastern University Press, 1988.
 

Workshop 10: Deviant behaviour and normality

Tutorial Material:

J. Weeks, The Construction of Homosexuality
O. Wilde, De profundis
See handout

Key texts:

Further sources
Duberman, Chauncey, Vicinus (eds.), Hidden From History: Reclaiming the Gay and Lesbian Past, Penguin, 1991.
Cohen, William A.. - Sex scandal : the private parts of Victorian fiction. - Durham, N.C.; London: Duke University Press, 1996
Stokes, John, 1943-. - Oscar Wilde : myths, miracles, and imitations,  Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1996
Jonathan Dollimore, Sexual Dissidence: Augustine to Wilde, Freud to Foucault (London, 1992)
Jeffrey Weeks, Sexuality (London, 1990) pp. 19-44.
Jeffrey Weeks, “Discourse, Desire and Sexual Deviance: Some Problems in a History of Homosexuality,” in Ken Plummer, (ed.), The Making of the Modern Homosexual (London, 1981): 76-111.
Ken Plummer, “Building a Sociology of Homosexuality,” in Ken Plummer, (ed.), The Making of the Modern Homosexual (London, 1981): 17-29.
Jan Lofstrom, “The Birth of the Queen/The Modern Homosexual: Historical Explanations Revisited,” The Sociological Review, 45 (February 1997): 24-41.
Martha Vicinus, “Lesbian History: All Theory and No Facts or All Facts and No Theory?” Radical History Review 60 (1994): 57-75.
Alan Sinfield, The Wilde Century, Intro, ch 1.
Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, The Epistemology of the Closet (New York, 1989)
Joseph Bristow, Sexuality (London, 1997) ch 4.
Gary Gutting, A Cambridge Companion to Foucault, (Cambridge, 1994).

DISCIPLINING THE BODY
Workshop 11: The Body-Machine

Tutorial Material:
E Rabinbach – The Human motor, 1990
See handout

Key texts:

R Rey  The History of Pain, 1993
M. Poovey – Making a Social Body, 1995.
D Pick  Faces of Degeneration, 1990
Further sources
Bonner, John, 1931-. - Economic efficiency and social justice : the development of utilitarian
 idea. - Aldershot : Edward Elgar, 1995
Education, technology and industrial performance in Europe, 1850-1939 / edit. - Cambridge :
 Cambridge University Press, 1993
Banta, Martha. - Taylored lives : narrative productions in the age of Taylor, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993
Also See S. Sturdy in J. Pickstone & R. Cooter, Medicine in the Twentieth Century, Harwood, 2000.

------
Workshop 12: War and Humanitarianism

Tutorial Material:

Key texts:
R. Cooter, War and Modern Medicine
D. Pick, War Machine, Yale, 1992
Best, Geoffrey,  Nuremberg and after : the continuing history of war crimes and crimes against humanity, (Reading) : University of Reading, 1984.
Best, Geoffrey, War and law since 1945 , Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1994
Eiselein, Gregory, 1965-, Literature and humanitarian reform in the Civil War era, Bloomington : Indiana University Press, 1996.
Michael Howard, Restraints on war : studies in the limitation of armed conflict , edited by, Oxford (etc.) : Oxford University Press, 1979

Further sources:
For reference see also: Bibliography of international humanitarian law, applicable in armed conflict, Geneva : International Committee of the Red Cross & Henry Dunant Institute, 1980.
Hutchinson, John F.. - Champions of charity : war and the rise of the Red Cross. - Oxford : Westview, 1996.
Taithe, Bertrand. - Defeated flesh : welfare, warfare and the making of modern France, Manchester : Manchester University Press, 1999.
Roger Cooter, Mark Harrison and Steve Sturdy (eds) War, medicine and modernity - Stroud :
 Sutton, 1998
G. Best,  Humanity in Warfare, 1980.
http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/1914m/gene68.html [St Petersburg declaration of 1868]
The Laws of War on Land. Oxford, 9 September 1880 http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/1914m/land1880.html]
See the superb collection of primary sources listed under The World War I Document Archive http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/1914m.html
Primary Sources:
Belgium, Commission d’enquête sur la violation des règles du droit des gens,des, Reports on the violation of the rights of nations and of the laws and custom, London : H.M. Stationery, off..
Carpenter, Edward, 1844-1929, The need of a rational and humane science : a lecture delivered before the Humanitarian league, London : Humanitarian League, 1901.
Carpenter, Edward, 1844-1929, Vivisection, two addresses given before the Humanitarian league, Rev. ed, London : A.C. Fifield, 1905.
Hartley, Lodwick Charles, 1906-, William Cowper, humanitarian, Chapel Hill, [N.C.] : The University of North Carolina Press, 1938.
Higgins, Alexander Pearce, 1865-1935, War and the private citizen : studies in international law - London : P. S. King & son, 1912.
Kaspary, Joachim, The humanitarian view of the British-Boer war, London, 1901.
Laveleye, Emile de, 1822-1892, On the causes of war, and the means of reducing their number, London : Peace Society, 1872.
Max Müller. Comparative mythology, The growth of laws and usages of war, London : John W. Parker and Son, 1856.
Salt, Henry Stephens, 1851-1939, Humanitarianism : its general principles and progress, London : W. Reeves, 1901.
Vattel, Emer de, 1714-1767, The law of nations : or, Principles of the law of nature,  4th ed., cor, London : Printed for W. Clarke and sons [etc.], 1811.
Ward, R. Plumer (Robert Plumer), 1765-1846, A treatise of the relative rights and duties of belligerent and neutral powers, London : Printed for J. Butterworth ... by G. Woodfall ..., 1801.

Further Reading
Klingberg, Frank J., The anti-slavery movement in England : a study in English humanitarianism, New Haven : Yale University Press, 1926.
Futch. O. L. - History Of Andersonville Prison, 1968.
McCloy, Shelby Thomas, 1898-, The humanitarian movement in eighteenth-century France, University of Kentucky Press, 1957.
Minear, Larry, 1936-, Humanitarian action in times of war : a handbook for practitioners , Larry M, Boulder; London : Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1993.
Nye, Russel B., William Lloyd Garrison and the humanitarian reformers, Boston (Mass.) : Little, Brown and Co., 1955.
Rosas, Allan, The legal status of prisoners of war : a study in international humanitarian, Helsinki : Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, 1976.
 

Workshop 13: The Rationalisation of Punishment

Tutorial Material:
Beccaria, Cesare, marchese di, 1738-1794. - Crimes and punishments
Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish

Key texts:
Maestro, Marcello T, - Cesare Beccaria and the origins of penal reform. - Philadelphia : Temple University Press, 1973.
M. Wiener Reconstructing the Criminal, 1989
Barnes, Harry Elmer, - The repression of crime : studies in historical penology. - Montclair, N.J : Patterson Smith,
Lewis, C. S., Clive Staples,  The Humanitarian Theory Of Punishment, 1973.
DeLacy, Margaret. - Prison reform in Lancashire, 1700-1850 : a study in local administration. Manchester : Manchester University Press for the Chetham Society, 1986.
Bentham, Jeremy, - Panopticon: : or, the inspection-house. - Dublin : Thomas Byrne, 1791
Hugo, Victor, - Last day of a condemned man and other prison writings  - Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1992. –
Evans, Robin, 1944-. - The fabrication of virtue : English prison architecture, 1750-1840. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1982.
Ignatieff, Michael, 1947-. - A just measure of pain : the penitentiary in the industrial revolution, 1750. -London (etc.) : Macmillan, 1978.
McConville, Seán. - English local prisons 1860-1900 : next only to death. - London : Routledge, 1995.
Semple, Janet. - Bentham’s prison : a study of the panopticon penitentiary. - Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1993.
 
Further sources

Primary sources
Paul, Sir, George Onesiphorus,. - A second address on the subject of a reform of prisons - [Gloucester?, 1783
Mayhew, Henry, 1812-1887. - The criminal prisons of London, and scenes of prison life / by Henry Mayhew. - London : Cass, 1968.
Kingsmill, Joseph, d. 1865. - Chapters on prisons and prisoners : and the prevention of crime - 3d ed. - London : Longman, Brown, Green,  1854.
Tallack, William, 1831-1908. - Penological and preventive principles : with special reference to Europe  - London : Wertheimer, Lea, 1889.
Thomson, William Hamilton. - Five years’ penal servitude / by one who has endured it. - 4th ed. – London : R. Bentley, 1878.
Western, C. C. (Charles Callis), Baron Western, 1767-1844. - Remarks upon prison discipline, - London : J. Ridgway, 1821.
Buxton, Sir, Thomas Fowell, 1786-1845. - An inquiry, whether crime and misery are produced or prevented, by our present system. - London : Printed for J. and A. Arch (etc.), 1818.
Adshead, Joseph, 1800-1861. - Prisons and prisoners, 1845
Archer, Thomas, 1830-1893. - The pauper, the thief, and the convict : sketches of some of their homes - London : Groombridge, 1865.
Gray, Edmund Dwyer, 1845-1888. - The treatment of political prisoners in Ireland  - Dublin : The Freeman’s Journal, limited, printers, 1889
The life of Thomas Wright, of Manchester : the prison philanthropist / with. - Manchester : John Heywood, 1876.
Prison discipline : a report adopted at the Hampshire Quarter Sessions, Janu. - London : John Murray,1864.
Society for Diffusing Information on the Subject of Capital Punishment. - An account of the Maison de force at Ghent. - London : pr. by Bensley and Son, 1817.
Howard, John, 1726-1790. - The state of the prisons in England and Wales, London : printed for J. Johnson, C. Dilly, and T. Cadell, 1792.
Howard Association (London). - Improvability of the Prisons Bill, 1877. - [London] : Wertheimer, Lea & Co., 1878.
Howard, John, 1726-1790. - An account of the present state of the prisons and houses of correction: printed by order of the Society lately instituted for giving effect, 1789.
Jebb, John, 1736-1786. - Thoughts on the construction and polity of prisons - London : printed for C. Dilly, 1786
Wines, E. C.. - The state of prisons and of child-saving institutions in the civilized world. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press: John Wilson, 1880.
Davitt, Michael, 1846-1906. - Leaves from a prison diary; or, Lectures to a ‘Solitary’ audience. - (1st ed. reprinted). - Shannon : Irish University Press, 1972.
Clay, J. - The Prison Chaplain, 1861.
Carpenter, Edward, 1844-1929. - Prisons, police and punishment : an inquiry into the causes and treatment of crime - London : A.C. Fifield, 1905.
Mitchel, John, 1815-1875. - Jail journal : or, Five years in British prisons.  Author’s edition. - Glasgow : Cameron & Ferguson
GREAT BRITAIN, Surveyor-General of Prisons. - Report Of The Surveyor-General Of Prisons. - No.2, 1847.
Burt, J T. - Results Of The System Of Separate Confinement, 1852.
Elmes, James, 1782-1862. - Hints for the improvement of prisons, for their better regulation, and for a. -London : printed by Bulmer, 1817.
Carpenter, Mary, 1807-1877. - Reformatory prison discipline : as developed by the Rt. Hon. Sir Walter Crofton. - London : Longman, Longman, Green, Longman, 1872.
Tallack, William, 1831-1908. - The cellular (but not rigidly solitary) system of imprisonment, as carried o. - London : F. B. Kitto, 1872.
Tallack, William, 1831-1908. - Defects in the criminal administration and penal legislation of Great Britain. - London : F. B. Kitto, 1872.

Other readings:
L. Howard, Derek Lionel. - John Howard: prison reformer / With a foreword by Hugh J. Klare. - London : C. Johnson, 1958
Smith, G. C.. - Newgate Prison, on the day of execution : a narrative of facts .... - Third edition. - London : pr. for Knight and Lacey.
Barry, Sir, John Vincent, 1903-1969. - Alexander Maconochie of Norfolk Island : a study of a pioneer in penal reform. - Melbourne; New York : Oxford University Press, 1958.
Howard League for Penal Reform. - Report on some records of the Howard League for Penal Reform, 19th-20th cent. - [London], 1974. -
Thomas, J. E. (James Edward). - The English prison officer since 1850 : a study in conflict. - London : Routledge and K. Paul, 1972. -
Lytton, C.. - Prisons and prisoners : some personal experiences / by C. Lytton and J. Wart. - Heinemann, 1914
M. Perrot (ed.) L’Impossible prison : recherches sur le systeme pénitentiaire au XIXe siecle. - Paris : Seuil, 1980. –
Lewis, Orlando Faulkland. - The development of American prisons and prison customs, 1776-1845 : with spe. - Montclair [N.J.] : Patterson Smith, 1967.
Field, John, 1813?-1884. - Prison Discipline. - VOL.1 & 2, 1848
Victorian prison lives : English prison biography 1830-1914 / - London : Methuen, 1985.
 

Workshop 14: Death, the archive, History and Memory

Tutorial Material:
Bourke, Joanna.  Dismembering the male : men’s bodies, Britain and the Great War.  London : Reaktion, 1996
Richardson, Ruth, Death and the Destitute:???
C. Steedman, Dust, Manchester University Press, 2002